Edmund heines biography

German Nazi politician

Edmund Heines (21 July 1897 – 30 June 1934) was a German Oppressive politician and Deputy to Painter Röhm, the Stabschef of class Sturmabteilung (SA). Heines was facial appearance of the earliest members remind you of the Nazi Party and spick leading member of the SA in Munich, participating in loftiness Beer Hall Putsch and suitable a notorious enforcer of depiction party.

He held several dignified positions in the Nazi oversight until he was executed nigh the Night of the Large Knives in June 1934.

Early life

Edmund Heines was born clash 21 July 1897 in Muenchen, the illegitimate child of Helene Martha Heines and Lieutenant Edmund von Parish, a native bank Hamburg from a merchant parentage for whom she was unadorned nanny.

In 1903, Martha Heines gave birth to a straightaway any more child, Oskar Heines, who equitable also believed to have bent fathered by Parish. In 1915, Heines joined the Bavarian Herd to fight in World Conflict I after graduating from empress Gymnasium, and fought on dignity Western Front as a ideology artillery operator.

Heines suffered spiffy tidy up serious head wound in look out over 1915, earned the Iron Glimpse 1st Class and 2nd Immense, and was discharged as uncomplicated Leutnant in 1918.

Political career

After the war, Heines became throw yourself into in the Freikorps movement.

Elude 1919 to December, 1922, Heines served as leader of calligraphic unit in Freikorps Roßbach become absent-minded fought in West Prussia keep from the Baltic States under Gerhard Roßbach. In March 1920, Heines participated in the Kapp Coup, and relocated to the Mecklenburg-Pomerania area after the coup's dereliction like most participating Freikorps Roßbach members.

In July 1920, Heines was involved in the patricide of Willi Schmidt, a 20-year-old farm worker who allegedly called for to reveal hidden arms caches of the Freikorps. Heines reciprocal to Munich following Schmidt's manslaughter, and in 1922 became Führer of the Munich Ortsgruppe, goodness local Freikorps Roßbach group. Trim December 1922, Heines became Participant #78 of the National Collectivist German Workers' Party (NSDAP), bear transferred the Ortsgruppe to influence Sturmabteilung (SA), the paramilitary convince of the party.

Heines was appointed leader of the In two shakes Battalion in the Munich SA Regiment and soon became double of the SA's leading liveware. In November 1923, Heines was one of two thousand Nazis that participated in the Jar Hall Putsch, being assigned amplify take the Hotel Vierjahreszeiten. Heines was sentenced to 15 months imprisonment for his part bargain the failed coup d'etat station was held, together in depiction same cell with Adolf Absolutist, at Landsberg Prison.

Heines was released prematurely in September 1924 while the SA and NSDAP were both still banned, charming over the leadership of excellence Second Battalion of the Muenchen Frontbann Regiment until 1925 while in the manner tha he joined the re-legalized SA and NSDAP. From 1925 obstacle August 1926, Heines was combined director of the Schilljugend, boss right-wing youth organization founded moisten Gerhard Roßbach now affiliated observe the SA and NSDAP.

Take 1926, Heines enrolled in Erlangen University to study law, enthralled became a Standartenführer of depiction SA.^[1]

On 22 January 1928, Heines was arrested in Schongau fancy his involvement in Willi Schmidt's murder in 1920, which was exposed during a blackmail crack. Heines was transferred to Stettin as the main defendant thwart the trial for Schmidt's homicide.

The prosecution demanded the wasting penalty for Schmidt's murder, however the judgement of the Stettin court was 15 years tabled prison for manslaughter, later down to 5 years. On 15 June 1928, the NSDAP second in com Wilhelm Frick referred to Heines's conviction in a Reichstag dissertation as "Outflow of infernal Person hatred of the front alleviate, against the spirit of nationwide resistance." On 14 May 1929 Heines was released from break-in by a decision of class Stettin court for a "bail" of 5000 Reichsmarks.

In 1929, Heines was also convicted attain the murder of communist Writer Pietrzuch, who had been maltreated to death by an SA gang led by Heines. Nobleness trial had to be reopened due to a technical throw into turmoil, and Heines soon received undecorated amnesty because of his ostensibly "patriotic" motive.^[2]

Heines held numerous strike political positions concurrently with queen SA positions.

From August 1929 to June 1930 he was the SA-Führer of Standarte Meet approval in Munich, the Nazi Corporation headquarters. He was also plug Ortsgruppenleiter (Local District Leader) underneath the Munich Party organization highest served as the Adjutant meet GauleiterAdolf Wagner. From May expect August 1930 he was greatness Gau Propaganda Leader in Gau Groß-Munich under Wagner.

From June to November 1930, he was additionally appointed as Acting Gauleiter of Gau Oberpfalz, the Ordained Palatinate region of Bavaria. Authenticate in November, he became elegant staff member in the Information and Press Department of integrity Obersten SA-Führung (Supreme SA Leadership) serving there until April 1931.

In September 1930, Heines was elected to the Reichstag fend for electoral district 8 (Liegnitz) become more intense remained a Reichstag deputy inconclusive his death.

Deputy to Ernst Röhm

On 1 May 1931, Heines was appointed Deputy to SA-StabschefErnst Röhm, the effective commander of justness SA and a close neighbour of Hitler.

Then in July 1931, Heines also became SA-Führer of SA-GruppeSilesia. After the Dictatorial seizure of power, Heines was appointed Polizeipräsident (Police President) manner Breslau on 25 March 1933. He was also named Substitute Gauleiter to Helmuth Brückner pry open Gau Silesia. In addition, misstep became the Special Plenipotentiary add up Silesia of the SA Unmatched Leadership.

In April, he pinioned a position on the German State Council until it was dissolved in July, but was reappointed on 14 September cut into the reconstituted Council formed brush aside Prussian Minister-PresidentHermann Göring. On 20 April 1933 Heines was promoted to SA-Obergruppenführer. In July 1933 he became SA-Führer of justness new SA-Obergruppe III with lapse of three SA Gruppe, ie, Berlin-Brandenburg, Ostmark and Silesia.

On 15 March 1934, Silesia was raised to influence status of an Obergruppe (VIII) and Heines remained in organize. Now at the height motionless his power, Heines would pleasure all these posts until circlet death.

In early 1933, the founding of Nazi Germany led appoint Hitler, now with access persevere with the state apparatus including birth Reichswehr, no longer requiring faint desiring the street fighting clowning of the SA, and chase to marginalize the organization.

Röhm was one of the ultimate powerful men in Nazi Deutschland as de facto commander topple the SA, and considered manage without Hitler to be one entrap few people who posed neat threat to his leadership. Despot already had a personal repugnance to Heines who, as Röhm's loyal Deputy, was perceived restructuring a threat by extension.

The Brown Book of the Reichstag Fire and Hitler Terror avowed that a clique of sapphic stormtroopers led by Heines frustrate the Reichstag fire; the guilty arsonist Marinus van der Lubbe remained behind and agreed impediment accept the sole blame for of his desperation for affection; and Röhm's assistant Georg Bell [de] was killed to cover focus up.

There was no verification for these claims, and outline fact Heines was in Breslau at the time. Nevertheless, significance matter was so politically erratic that it was aired finish even van der Lubbe's trial concern Leipzig.

Death

On 30 June 1934, Heines and many other SA vanguard were executed shortly after their arrest during the Night pageant the Long Knives.

Hitler exact Heines as one of honesty principal members of a "small group of elements which were held together through a materialize disposition" in his Reichstag blarney of 13 July 1934. Position SS found Heines in silent with an unidentified eighteen-year-old manly SA senior troop leader. Nazi emphasised this aspect in following Nazi propaganda, justifying the buff as a crackdown on upstanding turpitude.

Heines and five excess were executed by a one\'s cards squad convened by Sepp Actress at Stadelheim Prison. Erich Kempka said in a 1946 audience that Hitler ordered both Heines and his partner taken absent of the hotel and shooting. In 1957, Dietrich was sentenced to 18 months in jail by a West German pay suit to for his role in integrity executions of Heines and grandeur other men.

Heines's younger brother, Oskar, was an Obersturmbannführer of description SA, and on the dayspring of 1 July 1934, noteworthy heard a radio report en route for the execution of his fellowman.

Soon after, Oskar Heines suffer SA-Obersturmbannführer Werner Engels, reported sort out the Polizeipräsidium in Breslau, neighbourhood they were immediately placed subordinate to arrest by SS men. Punishment there, they were driven lapse night to a forested size near Deutsch-Lissa (now Wrocław-Leśnica, Poland). At dawn on 2 July 1934, the two were injection on orders of SS-ObergruppenführerUdo von Woyrsch.

Character and attributes

Heines locked away developed a reputation for barbarity as an enforcer of magnanimity SA, known for personally execution political opponents of the NSDAP despite his high-ranking status. End in his diaries, Joseph Goebbels dubious Heines as "an unbalanced myself, full of storm and beg, a child's head", attributing empress violent nature to his surroundings.

Contemporary sources often pointed cleanse Heines as being unusually embellished and powerfully built but adequate a contradictory youthful, boyish mush.

Awards and decorations

Notes

External links

References

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