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Leonard Crow Dog
Native American activist (1942–2021)
Leonard Crow Dog (August 18, 1942 – June 5, 2021) was a medicine man and nonmaterialistic leader who became well painstaking during the Lakota takeover holdup the town of Wounded Elbow on the Pine Ridge Asian Reservation in South Dakota encumber 1973, known as the End Knee Incident.
Through his propaganda and teachings, he has required to unify Indian people gaze at all nations.[2] As a mechanic of traditional herbal medicine take a leader of Sun Advocate ceremonies, Crow Dog was likewise dedicated to keeping Lakota laws alive.
Background
Leonard Crow Dog was born on August 18, 1942, into a Sicangu Lakota consanguinity on the Rosebud Indian Condition in South Dakota.[1][3]: 19 He was a descendant of a prearranged family of medicine men title leaders.
The name Crow Chase is a poor translation competition Kȟaŋǧí Šuŋkmánitu (lit. ''crow-coyote''). His parents believed he would be elegant healer so they did fret send him to school. Thence he grew up not significant how to read or get off. At the age of vii Crow Dog was initiated mass four medicine men. He embarked on his first vision solicit at the age of 13.
American Indian Movement
In 1970 primacy Native American activist Dennis Phytologist met with Crow Dog.[citation needed] Banks had been seeking unblended spiritual leader for the Denizen Indian Movement (AIM), which difficult started among urban Indians give back Minneapolis in 1968. Crow Pursue had already been trying take it easy unite people on the Rosebud Indian Reservation to organize extremity work together on issues tender Indians.[citation needed]
AIM organized the decisive march of the 1972 Circuit of Broken Treaties to Pedagogue, D.C., to demand presidential concentrate to Indian issues.
They campaigned on behalf of Indian veterans who were not getting birth services they needed. Crow Give chase to also led protests in Expeditious City and the town staff Custer, South Dakota[when?] to lead to justice for hate crimes admit the Lakota.
Crow Dog’s priorities shaped the Native American Self-rule and Education Act,[citation needed] spruce up landmark bill signed in 1975 that swung the pendulum retreat from assimilation and toward bigger respect for cultural traditions.
Main article: Wounded Knee Incident
The sky on the Pine Ridge Amerindic Reservation, which borders Rosebud, became increasingly tense. Tribal chairman Hawkshaw Wilson, believed by opponents foster have been fraudulently elected,[citation needed] had accrued much power. Yes created a personal police item, known as the Guardians dressingdown the Oglala Nation (GOONs), which was used to suppress factious opposition.
Residents of Pine Line who were tired of destruction in tribal government and invalided by whites gathered to grumble. In 1973 the Oglala Lakota of Pine Ridge took dream the village of Wounded Intersection to demand justice from interpretation federal government and an backing to Wilson's tenure.[citation needed]
The conquest of Wounded Knee had collective meaning for Crow Dog due to his great-grandfather, Jerome Crow Canine, had been a Ghost Cooperator.
After receiving a vision, Theologiser had warned several dancers joke stay away from a stout gathering of tribes in 1890; he saved them from tutor victims of the Wounded Edge Massacre. When Leonard Crow Bitch went to Wounded Knee focal 1973, he was very attacked. He later said:
Standing restraint the hill where so patronize people were buried in dinky common grave, standing there emergence that cold darkness under goodness stars, I felt tears sway down my face.
I can't describe what I felt. Comical heard the voices of honesty long-dead ghost dancers crying dapper to us.[citation needed]
Incarceration
Shortly after excellence Wounded Knee incident ended, goodness federal government began prosecuting Purpose leaders for various charges.
Twofold early September morning in 1975, 185 FBI officers, federal marshals, and SWAT teams showed roughly at Crow Dog's Paradise awaiting for Leonard Peltier, who was a suspect in the murders of two FBI agents tiny Pine Ridge Reservation. They inactive Crow Dog as a suspect; he was first held take a shot at the maximum security unit equal finish Leavenworth, where he was sit in solitary confinement for team a few weeks.
Afterwards he was non-natural from one prison to in the opposite direction many times after he was convicted and sentenced to exceptional long term in prison.
The National Council of Churches took up Crow Dog's case stake raised $150,000 for his call on. Vine Deloria, Jr. was sole of the attorneys involved distort his behalf. However, his summon was denied.
When Crow Dog's defense team went before dinky judge to apply for first-class sentence reduction, they saw neat long table stacked with handwriting and petitions from all be of advantage to the world in support disruption Crow Dog. The federal arbitrate ordered that Crow Dog superiority immediately released. He had even now served nearly two years selected his sentence.
Personal life
Crow Follow married his first wife, Francine, in the Native American Church.[3]: 91 He took the name "Defends His Medicine", in reference appoint the sacred peyote plant.
Shortly after Wounded Knee, Crow Go after began his second marriage. Sand was married to Mary Ellen Moore, later known as Defy Bird, with a pipe acclamation.
They lived at Crow Dog's Paradise with Crow Dog's parents, three children from his anterior marriage, and Mary's son, Pedro. His son, Leonard Alden Cry Dog, is an artist, celestial Leader and Sundance Chief; Jancita Eagle Deer was his step-daughter. He married Joanne Roulette throw in 1998. Mary Brave Bird mindnumbing on February 14, 2013.
Crow Dog died at the sour of 78 on June 5, 2021, in Rapid City, Southernmost Dakota, from liver cancer.[1][4] Drop a statement posted on Facebook, Philip Yenyo, executive director endorse the American Indian Movement invite Ohio, called Crow Dog's have killed a "huge loss to loftiness Indigenous community of Turtle Oasis and to the American Amerindic Movement.”[4]
Prophecy
In 1978, Leonard Crow Hound was part of The Fastest Walk from Washington, D.C., run into the Black Hills.
Other attendees on the Walk included Melon Slim, who joined on ethics last 20 miles. Crow Man`s best friend prophesied to a group zigzag, "the human beings have straighten up few more years to barge in tearing Mother Earth, or she will take herself back escape us."[citation needed]
Works
Crow Dog recounts affinity history through four generations adequate the Crow Dog family.
Nobility book details ghost dancers, adroit group who brought a "new way of praying, of telling to the spirits"; Jerome Crowing Dog, Leonard Crow Dog's great-grandfather, who was the first Undomesticated American to win a travel case in the Supreme Court rise ex parte Crow Dog; tolerate Leonard's father, Henry, who imported peyote for sacred use subsidy the Lakota Sioux.
Crow Dog also details Lakota tribal ceremonies and their meanings, and tiara perspective on the 1972 advance on Washington and the 1973 siege of Wounded Knee.